Renewables-2023

   David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired 1939dmj@gmail.com, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com  Abstract. EV is fueled by H2 created by water steam reforming of oil onboard. The said H2 is purified from CO2 being filtering, then the rest is liquifying by cooling and pressing to throw CO2 away. It is triply more powerful and carbon clean fuel, than direct usage of oil, and in order of magnitude cheaper, simpler and lighter than battery of ordinary EV. It is important, that the said oil can be cleaned before its usage onboard the EV, as its special fuel of a special trademark. A small battery for start and emergency can be helpful too.

  CO2 sequestration is possible, but no place to store it. Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, retired, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com, 1939dmj@gmail.com   CO2 + H2 = CO2H2 (formic acid), sequestrating the CO2; 1.5C + H2O = CH2 + 0.5 CO2 – Judbarovski process, combining the Fischer-Tropsch process with Boudouard reaction; CH 2 + 2 H2O = CO2 + 3H2;   with 3H2 exhausting 1.5 CO2, so 0.5 CO2 with H2 – 0.5 CO2 for the first reaction, and totally the formic acid sequestrates 0.5 CO2.   The said formic acid is made from CO2 and H2 can be extremally cheap (e.g., see "H2 and half green Hydrocarbons incredibly cheap and domestically manufactured", davidjud.blogspot.com/2024/04 , posted Apr. 21, 2024 . Nevertheless, CO2 sequestration needs tens milliards m3 of space to store., even if 95% of the formic acid is the CO2 by the weight. ש

  H2 and half green hydrocarbons incredibly cheap and domestically manufactured . Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com 0.5 C + H2O = H2 + 0.5 CO2 – 90 Kj, so 90/393 = 0.23 C, * 0.73 C + H2O = H2 + 0.73 CO2. CO2 + 4 H2 = CH4 + 2 H2O. here CO2 can be cheaply and compact extracted from the air, cheaper USD 30.0/MT CO2. [1], [ 2]. From (*} and supposing a cost of C to be USD 120.0// MT,   H2 = (0.73 * 12 * 120 -   0.73 * 44 * 30) / 2 = USD 44.0/ MT H2, less 5 cent /kg and CH4 = (44 * 30 + 8 * 44) / 16 = USD 105.0 /MT = 70.0/ 1000 m3. CH4 = CH2 +H2, so CH2 = 105 – 44 = USD 113/MT, or  USD 16 / barrel = 2.0 cent/ kwh electricity.   References. [1] About CO2 sequestration, storage and usage, davidjud.blogspot.com/2023/04, posted on April 29, 2023. [2] Mass production of CO2 at attractive cost from the air, judbarovski.blogspot.com/2020/01, posted on Jan. 01, 2020. ...

    Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com    CH4 = CH2 + H2. Earlier in davidjud.blogspot.com/2024/04, post April 19, 2024, "Halfgreen production of H2 and CH4, cheaply, CH4 was USD 100.0/ ton and H2 was USD 116 / ton, so CH2 = (100 *16 – 116 * 2) /14 = 130 = USD 13.9 / bbl ,  if CO2 = USD 20.0//MT If CO2 = USD 30.0/MT, so H2 = USD 109.0 /MT = 10.9 cent/kg, and CH4 = USD 65/MT = 46 /1000 M3, and CH2 = 59/MT = USD 8.4 /bbl !!!

  Incredible cheap artificial oil Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com     CH4 = CH2 + H2. Earlier in davidjud.blogspot.com/2024/04, post April 19, 2024, "Halfgreen production of H2 and C H4, cheaply", CH4 was USD 100.0/ ton and H2 was USD 116 / ton, so  CH2 = (100 *16 – 116 * 2) /14 = 130 = USD 13.9 / bbl

Halfgreen production of H2 and CH4 from CO2 cheaply Autxhor: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com   Abstract CO2 + C = 2CO; 2CO +2H2O = 2 H2 + 2CO2; CO2 + C+ 2H2O = 2 H2   + 2CO2; C + 2H2O = 2 H2 + CO2   - 179 Kj / 393 = 0.455 C. C + 2H20 = 0.5 * CH4 + H20 + 0.5 * CO2; C + H20 = 0.5 CH4 + 0.5 * CO2 – 52 Kj /393 = 0.13 C. If domestic cost in Central Europa is USD 100.0/MT of C and CO2 is USD 20.0 /MT of CO2, so H2 = (1.455 *12 * 100   - 1.455 * 44 * 20) /4 = 116 = 11 cent /kg H2 CH4 = (1.13 * 12 * 100 – 0.63 *44 * 20) / 8 = 100 = USD 70.0 /1000m3 CH4

Game changing approach to use atmospheric CO2 to fuels production.   Author: David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com, judbarovski.blogspot.com   Abstract Atmospheric CO2 is hardly usable to fuels synthesis ("zero carbon"), but after CO2 + C = 2 CO, that CO is more active reagent ("halfgreen"), the second half would be treated by the nature. Tremendous example of it is the formic acid being liquid up to 108 C.   CO2 + C = 2 CO;  2 CO + 2H2O = 2 (HCOOH) – 108  kJ [1] 108/393 = 0.275 is additional C and CO2 exhaust. Formic acid is (1.275 * 12 *100 + 44 * 20 ) / (2 * 46 ) = USD 26.0/MT, as materials expences.. It is 2 gram of hydrogen per a mol of 46 gram  It is enough to power electric vehicle by some times lighter and greatly simpler device than battery for Tesla-3, and greatly cheaper than now from grid powering other mobile and stationary consumers.   Reference [1] Formic acid formation via direct hydration (CO...

  CO2 conversion via oxalates to alcohols Author:   David Judbarovski, systems engineering, principle inventor, davidjud.blogspot.com   Abstract C + 2 H2O = 2H2 + CO2; 2H2 + (CO2)2 =… = (CH2OH)2; C + 2H2O + CO2 =… =(CH2OH)2 – M = 2 * 31 = 62. Supposing a cost of C being USD 100.0 /MT, and CO2 being USD 20.0 /MT, CH2OH)2 is (12 * 100 + 44 * 20) / 62 = USD 33.5 / MT. ) Because Q -heat of combustion of (CH2OH)2 – is 0.46 * Q oil equivalent, so a ton of oil equivalent is USD 33.5 /0.46 = USD 73 /MT = USD 10.4/bbl for materials used. Acknowledgment Conversion of CO2 via oxalic acid up to ethylene glycol I saw published in Jan. 2010.     It can be  to  substitute all mankind demand in fossil fuels by combustibles can be manufactured domestically and cheaply. My thanks to prof. dr. Elisabeth Bauwman, Leiden University, Netherlands, for her pioneering role.

 https://www.vesty.co.il/main/article/hyz4g7py0

 https://techno.nv.ua/innovations/himiki-nashli-sposob-sdelat-vybrosy-ugleroda-menee-vrednymi-i-prevratit-ih-v-toplivo-50406717.html - in Russian  Original in English: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c00122, and I can suppose, CO2 + H2 = CO + H2O can work more simply and cheaper and reliable.